The years between 1820 and 1839, preceding the Victorian era, witnessed a dramatic shift in fashion. This transitional period saw the decline of the Regency era’s high-waisted empire silhouette and the emergence of a new romantic aesthetic. Existing gowns were altered to accommodate the gradually lowering waistline, often with the addition of wide waistbands.
The Re-Emergence of the Corset and a New Silhouette
By the mid-1820s, the waist returned to its natural position, emphasizing a slim figure achieved through the reintroduction of corsets. This “wasp waist” was juxtaposed with increasingly voluminous skirts, sometimes reaching only to the ankles. These skirts were often padded with horsehair for added fullness. The delicate puffed sleeves of the early 1820s evolved into the dramatic “leg-of-mutton” sleeves, which peaked in popularity during the mid-1830s. These large sleeves required structural support, often achieved with padding or boning, restricting movement. Higher necklines for daywear became fashionable, contrasting with the lower necklines and short sleeves maintained for evening and ball gowns.
A Shift in Color and Fabric
The era also marked a departure from the predominantly white and pastel color palettes of the Regency era. Clothing became noticeably more colorful and ornate. Chintz, a printed cotton fabric originating from China, gained immense popularity in the 1830s, adding to the vibrancy of women’s fashion.
The Influence of Romanticism
The Romantic movement heavily influenced the fashion of this period. Romantic and historical novels, particularly those set in the Middle Ages and the Elizabethan era, captivated a wide readership. Women, inspired by the heroines of these works, sought to emulate their style. This led to the revival of certain historical elements, such as smaller versions of the Elizabethan ruff. In Germany, this era is known as the Biedermeier period, reflecting a similar aesthetic focused on simplicity and romanticism.
The Dawn of Victorian Fashion
The 1820s and 30s served as a crucial precursor to the Victorian era in fashion. The evolving silhouette, the emphasis on a slim waist and full skirt, the use of vibrant colors and patterns, and the influence of romanticism all laid the groundwork for the iconic styles that would define the Victorian era. These decades represent a fascinating transition in fashion history, showcasing the dynamic interplay between social, cultural, and artistic influences on clothing.
