1660 Fashion, a pivotal era in men’s style evolution, marked a shift from earlier 17th-century trends toward more elaborate and distinct silhouettes, with mens-fashion.net offering comprehensive insights into this transformative period. This era introduced key elements like longer hair, the justaucorps, and the cravat, laying the foundation for modern menswear trends and making now the perfect time to upgrade your style with timeless fashion advice. To truly embrace the style of the 1660s, consider exploring the sartorial innovations and trends, garment construction, and style evolution showcased on the website to stay ahead of trends and find style inspiration.
1. What Hairstyles And Grooming Trends Dominated 1660 Fashion?
Longer, fuller hair styled in soft waves and ringlets was a defining characteristic of 1660 fashion, often arranged to cascade symmetrically over the chest and back. Men also favored thin mustaches, popularized by figures like Charles II and Louis XIV. According to Diana de Marly in Fashion for Men: An Illustrated History, wigs also gained traction, initially styled like natural hair, marking a transition towards more artificial styles as the century progressed.
The Rise of Wigs in 1660 Fashion
The adoption of wigs was gradual. Samuel Pepys embraced them in 1663, followed by James, Duke of York, in February 1664, and Charles II in April, as his hair began to gray. Louis XIV, known for his abundant locks, initially resisted but eventually succumbed to the trend. Wigs became a status symbol, as their cost made them inaccessible to the lower classes, solidifying their place in aristocratic fashion.
Mustache Styles of the Era
Thin mustaches were a notable grooming trend, adding a touch of sophistication to the overall look. This style, favored by influential figures like Charles II and Louis XIV, complemented the longer hairstyles and elaborate attire of the period.
2. How Did the Justaucorps Revolutionize Men’s Fashion in 1660?
The justaucorps, a loose overcoat with short sleeves and a slightly flared bottom, revolutionized men’s fashion in 1660 by supplanting the doublet and introducing a new silhouette. Originally a military garment, it was popularized by Louis XIV, who granted select courtiers permission to wear similar attire, signaling a shift towards codified court costume.
The Justaucorps and Its Impact on Courtly Attire
In 1662, Louis XIV allowed a select group of courtiers to wear a blue justaucorps lined with red ornaments, paired with a red veste or jacket. This marked the beginning of a formal court uniform and highlighted the justaucorps’s significance in establishing a new fashion standard.
The Evolution of the Justaucorps
The justaucorps, initially plain and loosely fitted, gradually replaced the doublet, which evolved into a collarless vest. Figures like Duke Maximilian Philipp of Bavaria showcased variations of the justaucorps-style garment, adorned with extensive ribbon trim and pleated lace cannons, reflecting the era’s penchant for elaborate embellishments.
3. What Role Did Charles II Play in Shaping 1660 Fashion?
Charles II played a significant role in shaping 1660 fashion by introducing a version of the justaucorps, known as a vest, to the English court. This long, collarless coat concealed the petticoat breeches, leading to their simplification and influencing the adoption of cravats.
The Introduction of the Vest
Charles II’s adoption of the vest marked a pivotal moment in English fashion, aligning it with continental trends while adding a distinctly English flair. The vest’s design, characterized by its length and lack of a collar, paved the way for new accessories like the cravat.
The Impact on Breeches Design
The concealment of petticoat breeches under the vest led to a simplification of their design, as they were no longer a focal point of the outfit. This shift allowed for greater emphasis on other elements, such as the vest itself and accessories like cravats.
4. How Did the Cravat Become a Staple Accessory in 1660 Fashion?
The cravat, a long strip of linen tied at the neck, often with lace at the ends, became a staple accessory in 1660 fashion following the adoption of collarless coats. Its name is believed to derive from “Croat,” as such neckcloths were first seen on Louis XIV’s regiment of Croat mercenaries. The cravat concentrated collar and lace details at the front, which were often obscured by long hair or periwigs.
The Origin and Evolution of the Cravat
Initially worn by soldiers as a simple knot, the cravat evolved into a more elaborate accessory in civilian fashion, featuring rich lace and butterfly bows. These cravats were often pre-tied and mounted on a ribbon, which fastened at the back of the neck, showcasing the era’s attention to detail.
Cravats as a Focal Point
With long hairstyles and periwigs obscuring traditional collars, the cravat became a central element of the ensemble, drawing attention to the neck and adding a touch of elegance. Figures from the period, such as those depicted in various portraits, frequently sported cravats, underscoring their popularity.
5. What Made Dressing Gowns Popular in 1660 Fashion?
Dressing gowns gained popularity in 1660 fashion as informal attire, with Indian cottons, particularly chintz, becoming fashionable. These gowns, introduced by the East India Company, were favored for their vibrant colors, durable dyes, and designs adapted to English tastes. According to Linda Baumgarten in What Clothes Reveal: The Language of Clothing in Colonial and Federal America, dressing gowns provided comfort and a sense of relaxed elegance.
The Introduction of Chintz
The East India Company’s introduction of chintz, a painted or printed cotton cloth from India, revolutionized informal wear. Its bright colors and unique designs quickly made it a favorite for dressing gowns, appealing to those seeking comfort and style in their home attire.
The Rise of Calico Printing in England
The popularity of Indian cottons spurred the development of a rival calico printing industry in England, which flourished by 1700. This local production further cemented the dressing gown’s place in fashion, as it became more accessible and readily available to the English populace.
6. How Did Fabrics Influence the Style of 1660 Fashion?
Fabrics significantly influenced the style of 1660 fashion, with silk, linen, and Indian cottons playing key roles in creating distinctive looks. Silk was used for luxurious doublets and dressing gowns, while linen was essential for cravats and shirts. The introduction of chintz by the East India Company brought vibrant colors and unique designs to informal wear, according to Beverly Lemire in Fashion’s Favourite: The Story of the Paisley.
The Importance of Silk and Linen
Silk and linen were foundational fabrics in 1660 fashion. Silk doublets showcased truncated proportions and ample volume, while linen cravats added elegance to collarless coats. These materials provided the structure and refinement necessary for the era’s sophisticated styles.
The Impact of Indian Cottons
The arrival of Indian cottons, particularly chintz, brought a new dimension to fashion. Their vibrant colors and intricate patterns offered a departure from traditional fabrics, making dressing gowns more appealing and contributing to the era’s diverse sartorial landscape.
7. What Were the Key Garments That Defined Men’s Fashion in 1660?
Key garments that defined men’s fashion in 1660 included the doublet, justaucorps, vest, and petticoat breeches. The doublet, with its truncated proportions, gradually evolved into a collarless vest. The justaucorps, initially a military garment, became a staple in courtly attire, while petticoat breeches, though eventually concealed by longer coats, remained an essential part of the ensemble.
The Doublet and Its Evolution
The doublet, a close-fitting jacket, was a prominent garment in the early 17th century. By 1660, it had evolved into a shorter, more voluminous style, eventually transitioning into the collarless vest that would become a key component of men’s fashion.
The Justaucorps and Vest as Outerwear Staples
The justaucorps and vest served as essential outerwear pieces, defining the silhouette of the era. The justaucorps, with its loose fit and short sleeves, provided a sense of relaxed elegance, while the vest, introduced by Charles II, offered a uniquely English take on the style.
8. How Did Social Status Influence Fashion Choices in 1660?
Social status significantly influenced fashion choices in 1660, with the aristocracy adopting elaborate styles and expensive materials to distinguish themselves from the lower classes. Wigs, for example, were a status symbol due to their high cost, making them inaccessible to the peasantry. Courtly attire, popularized by Louis XIV, further reinforced social hierarchies through codified dress.
Wigs as a Symbol of Wealth and Status
The cost of wigs made them a clear indicator of social standing. Only the wealthy could afford these elaborate hairpieces, reinforcing the visual divide between the upper and lower classes and solidifying wigs as a marker of aristocracy.
Courtly Attire and Social Hierarchy
Louis XIV’s introduction of codified court attire further emphasized social hierarchies. By granting select courtiers permission to wear specific garments, he created a visual system that distinguished the elite from the rest of society, underscoring the power of fashion to communicate status.
9. What Colors and Embellishments Were Popular in 1660 Fashion?
Popular colors in 1660 fashion included rich blues, reds, and whites, often adorned with elaborate embellishments such as ribbon trim and lace cannons. These vibrant hues and ornate details reflected the era’s penchant for opulence and grandeur, particularly in courtly settings.
The Use of Vibrant Colors
The use of vibrant colors like blue and red added visual interest to garments, making them stand out in a crowd. These hues were often paired with white accents, creating a striking contrast that highlighted the wearer’s status and style.
Elaborate Embellishments
Ribbon trim and lace cannons were common embellishments, adding texture and detail to outfits. These ornate details reflected the era’s appreciation for craftsmanship and luxury, elevating even simple garments to new heights of elegance.
10. How Did International Influences Shape 1660 Fashion?
International influences significantly shaped 1660 fashion, with French courtly attire and Indian textiles playing prominent roles. Louis XIV’s court set the standard for European fashion, while the East India Company’s introduction of chintz brought new fabrics and designs to England, according to John Styles in The Dress of the People: Everyday Fashion in Eighteenth-Century England.
The Influence of the French Court
The French court, under Louis XIV, served as a major fashion influence, setting trends that were emulated throughout Europe. The justaucorps and other courtly garments quickly spread beyond France, shaping the wardrobes of aristocrats and nobles in other countries.
The Impact of Indian Textiles
The East India Company’s introduction of Indian textiles, particularly chintz, had a profound impact on English fashion. These vibrant fabrics offered a new aesthetic, inspiring the creation of dressing gowns and other informal garments that blended comfort and style.
11. How to Recreate 1660 Fashion Today?
Recreating 1660 fashion today involves incorporating key elements such as long hair or a well-styled wig, a modern take on the justaucorps or vest, and a cravat-inspired accessory. Focus on luxurious fabrics like silk and linen, and don’t be afraid to add ornate details like ribbon trim or lace accents.
Modern Adaptations of Key Garments
To incorporate 1660 fashion into a contemporary wardrobe, consider a tailored vest or overcoat in a rich color, paired with slim-fit trousers. Accessorize with a silk scarf or ascot to evoke the spirit of the cravat, and opt for polished leather shoes to complete the look.
Incorporating Period Details
Adding subtle period details can elevate a modern outfit. Look for shirts with lace cuffs or collars, and consider incorporating velvet or brocade fabrics for a touch of luxury. A well-groomed hairstyle, reminiscent of the era’s long, flowing locks, can also enhance the overall effect.
12. What are the Common Misconceptions about 1660 Fashion?
Common misconceptions about 1660 fashion include the belief that it was solely for the wealthy and that it lacked diversity. While social status influenced fashion choices, various styles and materials were accessible to different social classes. Additionally, the era saw a range of influences, from French courtly attire to Indian textiles, resulting in a diverse sartorial landscape.
Dispelling the Myth of Exclusivity
While the aristocracy certainly had access to the most luxurious fabrics and elaborate designs, simpler versions of popular garments were available to the middle and lower classes. This meant that individuals from different social backgrounds could still participate in the fashion trends of the day, albeit with variations in quality and embellishment.
Recognizing the Era’s Diversity
The notion that 1660 fashion was monolithic is inaccurate. The era saw a blend of influences, resulting in a diverse range of styles and aesthetics. From the opulent courtly attire of Louis XIV to the comfortable dressing gowns inspired by Indian textiles, there was something for everyone in the fashion landscape of 1660.
13. How Did 1660 Fashion Influence Later Trends?
1660 fashion influenced later trends by establishing key silhouettes and accessories that would evolve over time. The justaucorps, for example, laid the foundation for modern overcoats and jackets, while the cravat inspired various neckwear styles. The emphasis on luxurious fabrics and ornate details also continued to shape fashion in subsequent eras.
The Legacy of the Justaucorps
The justaucorps’s influence can be seen in the evolution of outerwear. Its basic shape and structure served as a template for future generations of coats and jackets, which were adapted and refined to suit changing tastes and trends.
The Enduring Appeal of the Cravat
The cravat’s legacy extends beyond its immediate successors, such as the ascot and tie. Its influence can be seen in various neckwear styles throughout history, from the elaborate jabots of the 18th century to the modern-day scarf.
14. What Resources Can Help Me Learn More About 1660 Fashion?
Resources for learning more about 1660 fashion include books like Diana de Marly’s “Fashion for Men: An Illustrated History,” historical archives, museum collections such as the Victoria and Albert Museum, and online platforms like mens-fashion.net, which provide detailed insights and visual references.
Books and Academic Sources
Books like “Fashion for Men: An Illustrated History” offer comprehensive overviews of the period, providing historical context and visual examples. Academic journals and research papers can also provide in-depth analysis of specific aspects of 1660 fashion.
Museum Collections and Online Resources
Museums like the Victoria and Albert Museum in London house extensive collections of 17th-century clothing, offering a firsthand look at garments and accessories from the era. Online resources, such as mens-fashion.net, provide curated content, visual references, and expert insights into 1660 fashion, making it easier to explore and understand this fascinating period.
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15. How Did Military Attire Influence Men’s Fashion in 1660?
Military attire significantly influenced men’s fashion in 1660, with garments like the justaucorps originating in military uniforms before being adopted into civilian wear. The practicality and style of military clothing often translated into fashionable civilian adaptations.
The Military Origins of the Justaucorps
The justaucorps began as a military garment, designed for functionality and durability. Its adoption by Louis XIV and his courtiers marked a significant shift, as military styles began to influence the broader fashion landscape.
The Blend of Functionality and Style
Military attire often combines practicality with a certain sense of style, making it appealing for civilian adaptation. The justaucorps, with its comfortable fit and distinctive silhouette, exemplified this blend, paving the way for future military-inspired fashion trends.
16. What is the significance of the Victoria and Albert Museum’s collection in understanding 1660 fashion?
The Victoria and Albert Museum’s collection holds immense significance in understanding 1660 fashion because it houses surviving garments and artifacts from that era, offering tangible evidence of the styles, materials, and construction techniques used. One notable example is a surviving silk doublet, which provides valuable insights into the proportions and volume of clothing during this period.
Preservation of Authentic Garments
The museum’s collection includes well-preserved examples of 1660 fashion, allowing researchers and enthusiasts to study the actual garments worn during that time. These artifacts provide a level of detail and authenticity that cannot be replicated through paintings or written descriptions.
Detailed Study of Construction and Materials
The Victoria and Albert Museum’s collection allows for detailed examination of the construction techniques and materials used in 1660 fashion. This enables a deeper understanding of the craftsmanship and artistry involved in creating these garments, as well as the social and economic factors that influenced their production.
Ready to explore the elegance and sophistication of 1660 fashion? Visit mens-fashion.net today and dive into our extensive collection of articles, style guides, and historical insights. Discover how to incorporate timeless elements of this iconic era into your modern wardrobe and elevate your personal style.
FAQ: Unveiling the Elegance of 1660 Fashion
1. What is the defining characteristic of 1660s men’s fashion?
The defining characteristic is the transition towards longer, fuller silhouettes, marked by the adoption of the justaucorps, longer hair, and the cravat.
2. Who were the key influencers of 1660s fashion?
Key influencers included Charles II of England and Louis XIV of France, both of whom popularized new styles and garments within their respective courts.
3. What is a justaucorps, and why was it important?
A justaucorps is a long, loose overcoat that originated in military attire and was adopted by Louis XIV’s court, setting a new standard for men’s fashion and replacing the doublet as the primary outerwear.
4. How did the cravat become a fashionable accessory?
The cravat, a long strip of linen worn around the neck, became fashionable due to the adoption of collarless coats and the desire to add elegance to outfits. It was popularized by Louis XIV’s regiment of Croat mercenaries.
5. What role did wigs play in 1660s fashion?
Wigs became increasingly popular as a fashion statement and a symbol of status. Initially styled to resemble natural hair, they grew more elaborate over time and were primarily worn by the upper classes.
6. What fabrics were commonly used in 1660s clothing?
Common fabrics included silk, linen, and Indian cottons like chintz. Silk was used for luxurious garments, linen for shirts and cravats, and chintz for informal wear like dressing gowns.
7. How did social status affect fashion choices in the 1660s?
Social status heavily influenced fashion choices, with the wealthy aristocracy able to afford more elaborate garments, wigs, and accessories, setting them apart from the lower classes.
8. Can 1660s fashion be incorporated into modern wardrobes?
Yes, modern wardrobes can incorporate elements of 1660s fashion through tailored vests, silk scarves, and well-groomed hairstyles that evoke the elegance and sophistication of the era.
9. What are some reliable resources for learning about 1660s fashion?
Reliable resources include books like “Fashion for Men: An Illustrated History” by Diana de Marly, museum collections like the Victoria and Albert Museum, and online platforms like mens-fashion.net.
10. How did military attire influence 1660s fashion?
Military attire influenced 1660s fashion significantly, with garments like the justaucorps originating in military uniforms before being adopted into civilian wear, blending practicality and style.
